This is a glossary entry in the Shahrurian glossary. It establishes only what the claim atoms say about the term “al-shāhid” and does not turn its mere occurrence into a ready-made definition that it establishes truth or performs a specific epistemic function.
What the source establishes
In his discussion of testimony, Shahrur distinguishes between “the testimony of the witness” and “the testimony of the martyr-witness.” Another witness establishes an explicit description of the martyr-witness as one who possesses immediate sensory testimony, but the material presented does not provide a complete definition of the witness itself.
The distinction from the martyr-witness
The occurrence of the two terms separately justifies not treating them as equivalent, but it alone is insufficient to establish that the witness provides inferential testimony and that the martyr-witness provides sensory testimony. The atlas therefore presents the general distinction, while leaving the type of the witness’s testimony as a question requiring a direct text.
Limits of the indication
The current claim atoms do not establish that the witness “establishes truth” or that its function is “epistemic and inferential,” unless another witness is added that states this explicitly. What is established here is the occurrence of the witness and the martyr-witness within a single construction, and the description of the martyr-witness in a specific passage—not a definitive definition of each.