This is a glossary entry gathering the significance that can be verified; it does not turn proximity among terms into an unsupported definition.
It belongs to the Shahrur glossary. For reading by theme, one may refer to Shahrur’s major themes and shared concepts.
What the evidence establishes
The available evidence establishes that Shahrur distinguishes among “guilt,” “bad deed,” “sin,” and “error,” and that linguistic similarity is not enough to regard them as synonyms.
What the evidence does not define
The evidence does not provide an independent definition of a bad deed, determine its criterion or effect, or by itself establish that it entails social or legal reform, practical expiation, or repentance. These details are therefore not attributed to Shahrur in this entry.
Distinctions
- A bad deed is not equated with guilt, sin, or error merely because it appears in the same list of distinctions.
- The detailed difference among these terms, and the relation of each to forgiveness, reform, or expiation, requires direct passages from the source.