Shahrur narrows its meaning to domesticated herbivorous animals, then broadens its function to include warmth, beauty, transport, hides, and wool—not meat alone. In this way, livestock becomes an element in his interpretation of civilizational transformation and of the logic of blessing and benefit in the Qur’anic text.
- The basic rule in things is permissibility and prohibition applies to actions
- Livestock are domesticated animals with multiple benefits
- The narratives reread religious and civilizational history to build a coexisting human consciousness
- The cattle of livestock are not all animals
- Shahrur’s definition of livestock
- The story of Hud highlights civilization
- With Hud, livestock and pastoralism appeared
- The benefits of livestock are broader than meat
- Hud symbolizes a civilizational transition toward pastoralism and urban development