The Intended Meaning

Shahrur argues that the development of human societies passes through three successive historical stages: the age of motherhood, then the age of fatherhood or villages, then the age of equality in civil states These stages represent a Qur’anic historical reading of the course of human social life

The Atom’s Structure in the Atlas

  • Type of argument: historical
  • Argument movement: it divides the development of society into three successive stages that culminate in civil states.
  • Central terms: three stages, the age of motherhood, the age of fatherhood, the age of equality, civil states.
  • Degree of centrality: primary.

This atom maps Shahrur’s chart of social history, linking the transition of societies to the transformation of kinship and political structures, culminating in the form of civil equality.

Basis

  • Supporting text: “It presents a Qur’anic historical reading of the development of societies through three stages: the age of motherhood, then the age of fatherhood/villages, then the age of equality/civil states.”

Location of the Basis in the Book

  • Book: The State and Society.
  • Location: at the beginning of the book, within the historical overview of the development of societies.
  • Type of basis: near witness.
  • Marker that helps verification: three stages
  • Reading note: This location is suitable as evidence because it places social development in successive historical stages, and it is close to the atom.

Degree of Documentation

  • Level: directly documented
  • Meaning of the level: the atom relies on an explicit witness close to the wording of the claim.
  • Limits of reading: the formulation above is an analytical summary and should not be treated as a verbatim quotation unless the witness is quoted word for word.

Its Function in the Book

Its function here is argumentative; it supports a larger conclusion in the chapter or prepares for it.

Editorial Note

The treatment here is structural because it defines the entire ladder of historical transition.