Thesis Summary

Shahrur argues that mixing religion and power produced oppression, and made the overlap between the two spheres a direct cause of despotism.

Foundational Atoms

Place of Support within the Book

This meaning appears at the beginning of the book within the critique of the political ascription of hadith, with the example of the Kharijites presented as a close historical witness.

Limits of the Reading

The summary here relies on a single historical example that supports the general idea, and does not extend the scope of interpretation to what is not established in the evidence.