What Shahrur Says

The definition is stated directly: “The human being: humankind after humanization and the breathing of the spirit, that is, the domesticated social being.”

Accordingly, the definition links the human being to humankind and makes humanization and the breathing of the spirit part of determining the meaning of the human being.

Atlas Explanation

The atlas understands from this statement that “humankind” and “the human being” are not synonymous here: the human being is the name the definition gives to humankind after the two descriptions mentioned—humanization and the breathing of the spirit. This explanation does not mean that the atlas adds an independent definition of humanization or of the spirit.

For related reading on the terms: Muhammad Shahrur Qur’anic Stories Vol. 1 and History, evolution, and patterns.

There is a page related to Adam and humanization that can be consulted for extended reading, but it is not taken here as additional evidence for this definition: The human being.

For a broader context: The spirit.

Open Question and Limits of the Evidence

The available quotation does not explain precisely what humanization is, how the “breathing of the spirit” takes place, or by itself establish chronological stages or detailed characteristics of humankind before humanization. Therefore, this definition alone cannot be made to bear a claim about a physiological origin, cognitive evolution, or a transition from savagery.

The text is from Adam as a transitional stage in evolutionary humanization.

The Qur’anic Stories Vol. 1 · Adam as a transitional stage in evolutionary humanization