What is meant

It means that within everything there is a struggle between its opposites, and that struggle is what drives it toward continuous change. This struggle explains how a thing grows or transforms, and how it can collapse or perish when the contradiction within it reaches its limit.

The Atom’s Structure in the Atlas

  • Type of argument: methodological
  • Argument movement: it makes internal conflict the basis of development and decay.
  • Central terms: internal conflict, opposites, development, decay.
  • Degree of centrality: foundational.

It offers a dynamic explanation of change based on internal tension, thus explaining growth and collapse from within the thing itself, not only from outside it.

Basis

  • Supporting text: “The law of internal conflict of opposites that explains development and decay.”

Location of the basis in the book

  • Book: the Book and the Qur’an.
  • Location: in the first section of the book
  • Type of basis: close witness.
  • Mark that helps verification: the internal conflict of opposites
  • Reading note: the phrase explains development as the result of an internal conflict of opposites, which closely matches the atom’s content.

Degree of documentation

  • Level: directly documented
  • Meaning of the level: the atom rests on an explicit witness close to the wording of the claim.
  • Limits of reading: the wording above is an analytical summary, and is not treated as a verbatim quotation unless the witness is quoted word for word.

Its function in the book

Its function here is definitional; it fixes a meaning or conceptual distinction on which Shahrur relies in building the idea.

Editorial note

A foundational atom in his view of transformation and sunan.