This axis gathers 3 instances of the use of this verse in Muhammad Shahrur’s books, linking it to the concepts and arguments that appear around it.
The verse text as cited
So whoever commits aggression against you, commit aggression against him in the same way he has committed aggression against you, and be mindful of God, and know that God is with those who are mindful of Him
Brief reading
The verse establishes the principle of responding to aggression in kind, within equivalent bounds and without excess.
Axes
- legislative
- political and social
Related concepts
- aggression: 2
- reciprocity in fighting: 2
- equivalence and retaliation: 2
Its place in the conceptual network
It enters into the construction of a conception of legitimate fighting based on retaliation and equivalence.
The verse’s role in the argument
- Establishing: 3
Pages in the atlas that refer to this verse
These links gather the pages that rely on the verse or make it part of the argument within the atlas.
Related structural theses
Instances of use
- Drying Up the Sources of Terrorism, p. 93: makes aggression against life, property, or freedom a third cause that justifies fighting by equivalence, not by expansion.
- Concept: aggression
- Function of the verse here: Establishing
- Textual witness: “The occurrence of external or internal aggression … in accordance with His – Exalted – saying: {So whoever commits aggression against you, commit aggression against him…}”
- Drying Up the Sources of Terrorism, p. 101: makes the verse a foundation for a system of fighting based on equivalence and the removal of injustice within equivalent bounds.
- Concept: reciprocity in fighting
- Function of the verse here: Establishing
- Textual witness: “And His – Exalted – saying: {So whoever commits aggression against you, commit aggression against him in the same way he has committed aggression against you…} (al-Baqarah 194), … are two clauses of this integrated system.”
- The corresponding traditional reading: some exegetes and jurists who took the verse to prohibit initiating fighting
- Drying Up the Sources of Terrorism, pp. 114-115: places it within the elaboration of fighting, to establish that response to aggression must be proportionate, without excess or outrageousness.
- Concept: equivalence and retaliation
- Function of the verse here: Establishing
- Textual witness: “al-Baqarah (194) | { The sacred month for the sacred month … So whoever commits aggression against you, commit aggression against him in the same way he has committed aggression against you }”
Related books
This page is presented within the general method of building the atlas.