Thesis Summary
Shahrur distinguishes between divine prohibition and civil regulation: the state has no authority to declare things forbidden; only God has the authority to make lawful and unlawful. In the public sphere, citizenship is based on law, equality, and belonging to the homeland.
Related Verses
Foundational Atoms
- The state does not have the authority to prohibit
- Only God has the authority to make lawful and unlawful
- Citizenship is loyalty to the homeland and the law
- Citizenship is based on law and equality
- Citizenship is the highest allegiance in the civil state
Place of Support within the Book
The evidence is distributed between the opening sections of Islam and Humanity and its middle section, then becomes clearer in the discussion of the civil state and citizenship.
Limits of the Reading
This conclusion brings together religious theorization and civil organization. It remains constrained by what is stated in the atoms concerning the distinction between the domain of prohibition and the domain of law.