Degree of Centrality: Originality
242 pages
- Islam is a universal value-based religion
- Islam predates the Muhammadan mission
- Islam is allegiance to human values
- Starting from the foundational text
- Tartīl is the primary method of reading
- Freedom is the basis of human dignity
- Religion directs toward human values
- Righteous action embodies faith
- The Book defines the fixed foundations
- God alone possesses the power to permit and prohibit
- Citizenship is the highest allegiance in the civil state
- Citizenship is based on law and equality
- Citizenship is loyalty to the homeland and the law
- Islam is broader than faith
- Faith is a specific obligation for believers
- Faith is specific to the Muhammadan message
- Definitive prohibition is God’s prerogative
- Accountability falls upon intentional action
- Sin, wrongdoing, and error
- The messenger and the prophet are different
- The third pillar is righteous action
- Ṣalāh is not the same as prayer
- The Qur’an is a lasting miracle
- Some prohibitions are subject to ijtihād
- Distinguishing the witness from the martyr
- Distinguishing the martyr from the witness
- Those vested with authority are obeyed in their legislation, not in their persons
- Disordered relations produce despotism
- Monism produces the unjust village
- Monism is a divine, not a social, attribute
- Nations are defined by conduct and language
- Monist systems lead to ruin
- The Muhammadan mission inaugurated the age of cities
- The Sacred House predates Abraham
- History moves toward plurality
- Plurality is a condition of development and freedom
- Freedom is a fundamental social phenomenon
- The civil state presupposes plurality and separation of powers
- The civil state is based on plurality
- The civil state is based on rights and freedoms
- Democracy mediates between the individual and society
- Revelations regulate coexistence and rights
- Divine law and general principles
- The people include nationality and nation
- Tyranny is the hallmark of monist thought
- Injustice is a conscious, deliberate act
- Injustice means putting something in the wrong place
- Reason and knowledge turn word into deed
- Law organizes practice within the constitution
- Human society develops historically
- Civil society is based on plurality
- Society passes through three historical stages
- The moral reference is fixed and binding
- The Prophet has no guardianship over people
- Freedom of opinion is part of the civil state
- Mecca is not suitable as a civil capital
- Prohibition is a purely divine right
- Human legislation does not add prohibitions
- Legislation is the prerogative of elected councils
- Freedom is the basis of humanity
- Freedom is a condition of worship
- Freedom is a condition of human maneuverability
- Freedom is limited by multiple constraints
- The civil state is based on plurality
- The state is based on three elements
- Religion and authority are distinct
- The Qur’anic narratives encode historical laws
- The distinction between religion, authority, and the state
- The human governance of the Book transfers legislation to humanity
- There is no compulsion in religion is a categorical negation
- The messengerly Sunna is linked to the message
- The messengerly Sunna and the prophetic Sunna
- The contemporary Sunna is read through the Qur’an
- The prophetic Sunna is historical and interpretive
- The prophetic Sunna is historically conditioned
- The Sunna is divided into messengerly and prophetic
- The Sunna is not a second revelation
- The Sunna is a tool of sectarian conflict
- Prophetic reports may be historical arrangements
- The sayings of the Prophet and the Companions are historical documents
- Islam distinguishes between concepts
- The civil state protects rights
- Religion is an individual relationship with God
- The Muhammadan message opened the door to ijtihād
- The Arab mind suffers from three ailments
- Inherited jurisprudence does not match the Qur’an
- Jurisprudence is a human historical understanding
- The Qur’an is the supreme reference
- The monist society carries ruin
- The monist society carries its own annihilation
- An authoritarian society produces despotism
- The city is a symbol of plurality and freedom
- God’s essence transcends scientific proof
- The center of Islam is the Word of God
- Adam is not the first human absolutely
- Adam is a middle stage in humanization
- Adam represents the beginning of conscious humanity
- Occasions of revelation do not explain the whole Qur’an
- Human beings are agents in history
- Human beings emerged through evolutionary stages
- The human is the humanized mortal
- Human beings are the principal agents of history
- Human creation is evolutionary
- The jurist and the ruler dominate reality
- The Qur’an does not establish the inferiority of women
- The contemporary reading critiques the inherited tradition
- Qur’anic narrative is not legislation
- Disobedience establishes freedom of choice
- The final criterion is righteous action
- Abrogating and abrogated texts are a tool of fragmentation
- Human beings participate in making history
- Interpretation is a gradual process of understanding
- Inherited exegesis veils the text
- What is fixed is the text, while the content is renewed
- The Salafi reading makes the past an absolute reference
- Qur’anic narrative records the development of the revelations
- Narrative distinguishes between naba’ and khabar
- The grazing livestock are not all animals
- Shahrur’s definition of livestock
- Noah is the first messenger from among human beings
- Qur’anic terms as keys to understanding
- The Mother of the Book is a universal cosmic source
- The Mother of the Book is legislation
- Legal rulings have limits
- Islam is valid for every time
- Ijtihād lies between two limits
- Interpretation is relative and historical
- Distinguishing between inẓāl and tanzīl
- Distinguishing between prophethood and messengerhood
- Revelation’s descent is an objective material transfer
- Paradise and Hell do not yet exist
- Limits are the basis of the Sharia
- Limits are the basis of legislation
- Fate is existence outside consciousness
- The Qur’an is not heritage
- The Qur’an is Muhammad’s eternal miracle
- The limit-based reading of legislation
- The Book is a set of objective conditions
- Kufr is a context-dependent, changing concept
- Human knowledge is relative and evolving
- The historical method in understanding the text
- Naba’ differs from khabar
- Teaching the names is teaching the distinguishing mark
- Distinguishing the domains of legislation, injunctions, and rituals
- The validity of inference is not enough for truth
- The science of abrogating and abrogated texts is an illusion
- The law of internal conflict explains development and ruin
- Taking a life may only be done with right
- The detailed verses explain the prohibitions
- The verse on zinā targets public indecency
- The Mother of the Book is the basis of the Muhammadan message
- The Mother of the Book consists of the decisive verses
- Detailed rulings are open to practical ijtihād
- Ijtihād in detailing the decisive verses
- Interpretation is specific to the ambiguous
- Interpretation pertains to the ambiguous verses
- Prohibition is a purely divine right
- Legislation changes as society changes
- Distinguishing between the decisive and the detailed
- The forbidden is limited to what God has forbidden
- The messenger is a conveyor, not a legislator
- Zakat is a distributive social duty
- Associating partners with God is the first of the prohibitions
- Understanding changes according to the problematic
- The contemporary reading dismantles the inherited intermediary
- The Book and the Qur’an are distinct
- The decisive verse does not admit ijtihād
- The decisive verses do not admit ijtihād
- Revelation does not contradict reason or reality
- Detailing the decisive is the domain of ijtihād
- Killing children for fear of poverty is forbidden
- The verses of fighting are linked to a historical context
- The umma is a bond of unified conduct
- Enjoining right is invitation, not coercion
- Coercion is negated in religion
- Coercion contradicts the Word of God
- Extravagance is exceeding the proper measure
- Prohibition belongs to God alone
- Mutual recognition is a divine purpose for making people peoples and tribes
- Detailing is the domain of human ijtihād
- Piety is the criterion of distinction
- Sovereignty means the limits of prohibitions
- Sovereignty is a شعار for coercive power
- Freedom is the first objective of the Sharia
- Salafism is an entry point to violence
- The prophetic Sunna has two distinct types
- Critical reason is the basis of understanding
- Legitimate fighting serves freedom and justice
- Kufr and shirk are not absolute rulings
- Lineage is not a religious criterion
- Multiple levels of belonging
- The text is fixed, while understanding is dynamic
- Freedom of choice is a principle in religion
- The cause of fighting differs from its aim
- There is no contradiction between affiliations
- There is no worldly legal penalty for the apostate
- Occasions of revelation are not legislative causes
- The state’s mission is confined to worldly affairs
- The pillars of Islam and the pillars of faith
- The Mother of the Book is closed to ijtihād